Louis II duc de Orleans (Louis XII King Of France) The Rebel Prince

 The Rebel Prince!

My next unit for the Guerre Folle-Mad War is Louis II Duc de Orleans, born at Chateau Blois, raised from a minor by King Louis XI. A very interesting figure in the early French renaissance. After the death of King Louis XI, his son young Charles VIII was crowned in minority (13) the regency was then held by his older sister Anne de Beaujeu.

Louis II duc de Orleans lead the opposition against the regency of Anne along with a number of leading French Princes in the west, particularly Maine, Anvegvin, and Blois Lords, predominantly to gain back territory annexed by Louis XI during his consolidation and unraveling of feudal rights within France (this lead the War of the Public Good/Weal). After the war of the public Weal, and the Death of Charles the bold of Burgundy, Louis XI annexed all of Armagnac, Anjou and Maine, taking it by force in 1471 from his Uncle René of Anjou, thereby in 1476 disinheriting Marguerite of Anjou queen consort of King Henry VI of England (who was executed in 1471). Louis XI had also obtained Burgundy and Picardy by 1482 making him the direct ruler of France rather than through the feudal fealty.


A plan is hatched by the Princes and Dukes after his death in 1483, Louis II Duc de Orleans joined with a great number the western Lords, René duc de Lorraine, the Breton Duke Françios, Jean de Chalon-Arlay Prince of Orange, Comte Alain d'Albret, Charles d'Orleans-Longueville count of Angouleme constable of Normandy, Odet d'Aydie count of Comminges, Phillip d'Comminges Flanders, and the Emperor Maximilian I of Austria. to overturn the annexations and the changes.


Louis II Duke of Orleans then tries to kidnap Charles in 1484, this fails, so he sieges Paris, this fails and he retreats to Maine, then back to Orleans. He is then besieged in Beaugency in central Val-de-Loire and captured imprisoned in Blois. Francois of Brittany signs the peace treaty of Bourges on the 2nd November 1485, this ends the first phase of the Mad War.


The rebels then are still planning rebellion, fighting again breaks out with the invasion of France by Maximilian I of Austria in the North in November 1486, the successful siege and capture of Parthenay by Charles d'Orleans-Longueville. On January 11th 1487 Louis II duc d'Orleans, is broken out of jail and rides hard for Brittany with Franc archers in hot pursuit


The French sent an armies North, South and West to deal with the rebels. The Northern Alliance was easily defeated by Philippe de Crèvecœur, Lord of Esquerdes Marshal of France. In the South-West the French army arrives in Bordeaux besieging the city, and Oydet d'Aydie, governor of Guyenne, is dismissed and replaced by Pierre de Beaujeu. The west however was a whole new exercise, negotiation began with François of Brittany, but Guy fealty to the King of France and the Duke of Brittany give over there important border chateaux to the King.


At the end of the month of May 1487, the French troops, nearly 15,000 men entered Brittany. The army of the Duke of Brittany is concentrated towards Malestroit. It has 600 MAA and nearly 16,000 men in the Archer Ban.
However, the advance of the French troops is dazzling Charles VIII and Anne de Beaujeu arrive in Laval: the border Breton Chateaux of Ancenis, Châteaubriant, La Guerche and Redon surrender after short sieges. Plöermel tries to resist, but fell after three days of bombardment and was taken on 1 st June. By this bad news, and political differences between the Breton nobles, the ducal army is dismembered. There are only 4000 men remaining in the field, unable to rescue Plöermel. François II and Louis II Duc d'Orlean fled to Vannes, and then onto joining Nantes, before Vannes was also taken.

In Nantes, the defense is organized, the French troops lay siege on the city on the 19th of June. It dragged on in front of the effective Breton defense, and the loyalty of the inhabitants, helped by the foreign mercenary Germans and Gascons, finally the city received the decisive support of the Arrie ban of Cornouaillais and Leonard who arrived lead by Léon Rohan, the son of the Vicomte de Rohan, and broke the encirclement. The French troops held in check lift the siege on August 6th. In the North Guy de Laval XV hands over Vitré on the 1st of September the Royal troops then move and capture Saint Aubin du Cormier and Dol de Bretagne on the 10th. Another ceasefire comes into effect and the King returns to Paris.

On January 20th 1488, the Duke of Orleans and the Duke of Brittany are both declared rebels and guilty of lese majesty. In March the Duc de Orleans leading his own household troops and the newly arrived German mercenaries recaptured the chateaux and cities of Vannes, Auray and Ploërmel. Capturing the Vicomte de Rohan in the process.
The Royal French Army musters at Chateau Gontier under the command of Louis II de La Trémoille Vicomte de Thouars. A large contingent of Swiss and Italian Mercenaries join them along with a large artillery train. On April 24, a confiscation order was issued against all of Louis d'Orléans' property.
La Trémoille and the royal army, 15,000 strong, easily took Château Marcillé-Robert on March 28. On April 7, François II ordered the muster of the Breton troops in Rennes. On April 15, the royal army laid siege upon Chateau Châteaubriant, it fell 8 days later. La Trémoille then moved towards Ancenis where he laid siege during the night of 12 to 13. The town and chateau fell on May 19 the large Royal French artillery train completely destroyed the citadel. While negotiations begin with the Duke of Brittany seeking a truce, La Trémoille seats Chateau Loroux-Bottereau, which also falls on the 14th., the southern Breton chateaux are all taken.

On the 1st of June, a thing begins, the Breton nobles and peasants returned home for harvest, but the Royal army remains in the field. La Trémoille moves north and Château-Gontier becomes one of the stores of the army of La Trémoille.

La Trémoille anticipates the end of the truce, and from June 17, he sets off his army towards his next objective Chateau Fougeres the largest fortification in the west (and France). The talks breakdown on July 9th, the Royal army departed Vitré and besieged Fougères around the 12th. The city is defended by a garrison of 3,000 men, the French artillery train again batters down the walls and the chateau falls on the 19th.


The Breton Army Musters in Rennes, pulling together an army of around 11,000 men by the 24th of June. They depart Rennes moving north meeting the Royal army just south of Saint-Aubin-du-Cormier on the 28th of June.
At the battle of Saint Aubin du cormier Louis II duc de Orleans, was given the left flank command position of the Breton Army, leading the German Mercenaries, some loyal Blois nobles and some Breton nobles, in the battle the wing suffered terribly under the French heavy artillery fire, and fell back, leaving the hole that the Italian Mercenary cavalry to punch through and role up the center and right flank from the rear to the wood after a successful one.

cheers

Matt